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Hydra has preserved its Mycenean name of Hydrea, indicative of its springs. The island's Orthodox Greek-Albanian inhabitants preserved the name Hydrea up to the 18th century. The Albanian name Ere has also been preserved for Hydra's highest
peak.
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During the
post Helladic era, Hydrea became an outpost of the Mycenean
kingdom because its land was suitable for supporting
the mountain - dwelling Dryopians.
During the end of Mycenae era, Hydra was attacked by
the Mycenaens. It is rumoured that during the Persian
Wars the Hydraeans had taken part in the historic Battle
of Salamis.
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When the
Macedonians appeared, Hydra, once again, served
as a naval base or grassland of the powerful city
of Halieis and when latter it was invaded and destroyed,
Hydra fell into oblivion.
After the Byzantine Empire was split, Hydra remained
a Venetian dominion until it was passed to Turks
in 1460. During the Russian - Turkish Wars of 1768
- 1774, Hydra took part in the Orloff evens.
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When the Revolution broke out, the notables from Peloponnese wrote to the Hydraeans
asking them to join the battle. After the liberation from the Turkish yoke, the Hydraeans did not regain the fortunes they had spent in the battle. During World War II, the Italian and German conquerors left the island in
ruins.
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